What Is CNC Machining: What You Should Know About It?

The abbreviation CNC stands for Computerized Numerical Control. This means the control of the machine tools that are used in CNC machining. These machine tools are also known as CNC machines. Put; they are computer-controlled machines. CNC machining with the help of these machines enables the production of CNC parts of complex geometric shapes and high precision.

CNC machines such CNC lathe for sale (ขาย cnc lathe which is the term in Thai) have various manufacturing options when buying, such as milling, turning, or drilling possible. Because of this high-precision precision, speed, and the ability to create complex components, CNC machining is used in various industries. These include, in particular mechanical and plant engineering. Automation technology, hydraulics, pneumatics, and medical technology are other widespread sectors.

What Type Of Component Is CNC Machining Generally Suitable For?

The milling and turning processes are very flexible CNC manufacturing processes with great design freedom for the components. In metalworking, in particular, these are used from prototypes to large-scale series. But CNC machining is not always the most suitable method. We clarify!

Surface Quality Criterion

Typical mean roughness values for CNC machining are in the range of Ra 0.8-3.2 µm. Values ​​smaller than Ra 0.8 µm are also possible.

The following factors influence the surface roughness: cutting values during machining, cutting material, and its cutting geometry and wear condition, machining properties of the material, and use of cooling lubrication. Compared to 3D printing, which is also gaining relevance for small batch sizes, significantly higher surface qualities can be achieved with machining. “Unfinished” surfaces that have not been post-treated in 3D printing amount to approx. Ra 6-15 µm, depending on the process.

Quantity Criterion

Contrary to many assumptions, CNC machining can also be economical for small to medium-sized quantities. In the case of small to medium amounts, usually 1-1,000 pieces are meant. The following applies: Since the machine has to be set up once at the beginning of production, the costs per CNC part decrease as the number of pieces increases. The one-time setup of a CNC machine for manufacturing processes in machining is compared z. B. is significantly lower with forming processes such as casting. This means that small batch sizes and individual parts for prototypes can be manufactured economically. Depending on the material and geometry of the components, CNC machining can also be an economical option for larger quantities.

Accuracy Criterion

One of the biggest pluses of CNC machining is its precision. The geometrical deviations that can be achieved are in the range of a few micrometers. This means that CNC machining is superior to other manufacturing processes, for example, milling and turning. THEREFORE, the CNC parts can be used without problems in areas where precise alignment within an assembly is necessary.

Material Criterion

Various metals are suitable for CNC machinings, such as aluminum, steel, stainless steel, brass, and high-strength plastics. In principle, many materials can be used, but here too, it should be noted that the harder the material, the higher the tool wear and the lower the metal removal rate.